The utility of plastic packaging in safeguarding food is undeniable. However, growing concerns have sparked significant attention regarding its non-biodegradability, recycling difficulties, and the potential for harmful chemicals to contaminate food and the environment. This has led to a rising global awareness and a call for the development of new packaging materials that prioritize environmental sustainability as well as food safety and quality. Consequently, there is an urgent need to explore alternative, biodegradable food packaging materials using bio-sourced polymers. These biopolymers should be cost-effective, easily obtainable, and derived from renewable biomass. By utilizing biopolymers, sustainable alternatives to petrochemical-based plastics can be developed. This chapter provides an overview of recent advancements in biopolymer-based coatings and films for active food packaging applications. Microbial polymers, polysaccharide-based polymers, and protein-based polymers have all been extensively used in the development of intelligent packaging films. Bio-based polyesters offer diverse alternatives, ranging from rigid to flexible materials, with some being partially or fully biodegradable. Despite the dominance of bio-based conventional plastic substitutes in the market due to their outstanding physical properties, cost-effectiveness, and durability, efforts are ongoing to develop biopolymer-based packaging for the future. This chapter focuses on the application of biopolymer-based packaging films and coatings in various food-related contexts. It also assesses the limitations, challenges, and safety considerations associated with the use of biopolymers within the packaging industry.