Humans in the Loop: An Empirical Research on AI Literacy as an Indicator for Workforce Readiness in Human-AI Interaction
摘要
As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integrated into organizational processes, the quality of human-AI interaction gains strategic importance. While most human-AI interaction research focuses on system design, this study shifts the perspective to the competencies humans need when interacting with AI, by investigating the role of AI literacy in preparing the workforce for AI implementation and shaping perceptions of required skills. A quantitative online survey of 154 marketing professionals, primarily from the automotive industry in the DACH region, assessed AI literacy levels, current skill availability, and perceived future skill relevance. Key results show that AI literacy is a strong predictor of current skill levels and skill gaps, with the clearest effects in ethical and regulatory, business and technological competencies based on regression analysis. In contrast, it does not significantly influence the perceived relevance of future skills. Scientific contributions include the validation of a model establishing AI literacy as an indicator of workforce readiness for human-AI interaction. Practical contributions are that building a foundational AI understanding across roles through AI literacy training can serve as a lever for workforce readiness for human-AI interaction in organizations. Additionally, foresight-driven workforce planning based on external factors is essential to identify future-relevant skills. Limitations include a homogeneous respondent profile and self-selection bias. Future research should explore why AI literacy does not affect perceived skill relevance, identify additional influencing factors, and assess the long-term effects of AI literacy training.