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The present study endeavors to identify patterns of cross-modal perception in modern Mongolian, with a particular emphasis on analyzing stable correspondences between the acoustic features of vowel sounds and their associated colour perceptions. To this end, a comprehensive acoustic-perceptive experiment was conducted, incorporating both isolated vowel forms and those used within a contextual consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) structure. The acoustic analysis (comprising 84 isolated recordings and 1,512 context-based recordings) allowed us to determine the values of the first two formants (F1, F2), which reflect tongue openness and its front-back positioning. Perceptual data collected in both offline and online formats (n = 657; 24,470 responses) revealed statistically significant sound-colour associations that were consistently reproducible across diverse experimental settings. These findings support the hypothesis regarding the correlation between acoustic features and prevailing colour associations: vowels characterized by high F1 values were predominantly linked to warm colours, whereas low F1 corresponded to cold colours. On the contrary, cold shades predominated for high F2 values, while warm shades were more common for low F2 values. Moreover, the study identified the influence of variable factors such as phonetic context (CVC structure), as well as the participants’ gender and age, on perceptual outcomes.

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Sound and Colour in Phonosemantics: Perceptual and Acoustic Correlates of Mongolian Vowels

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Rodmonga Potapova,
  • Vsevolod Potapov,
  • Tsend-Ayush Ganbaatar,
  • Leonid Motovskikh,
  • Nikolay Bobrov

摘要

The present study endeavors to identify patterns of cross-modal perception in modern Mongolian, with a particular emphasis on analyzing stable correspondences between the acoustic features of vowel sounds and their associated colour perceptions. To this end, a comprehensive acoustic-perceptive experiment was conducted, incorporating both isolated vowel forms and those used within a contextual consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) structure. The acoustic analysis (comprising 84 isolated recordings and 1,512 context-based recordings) allowed us to determine the values of the first two formants (F1, F2), which reflect tongue openness and its front-back positioning. Perceptual data collected in both offline and online formats (n = 657; 24,470 responses) revealed statistically significant sound-colour associations that were consistently reproducible across diverse experimental settings. These findings support the hypothesis regarding the correlation between acoustic features and prevailing colour associations: vowels characterized by high F1 values were predominantly linked to warm colours, whereas low F1 corresponded to cold colours. On the contrary, cold shades predominated for high F2 values, while warm shades were more common for low F2 values. Moreover, the study identified the influence of variable factors such as phonetic context (CVC structure), as well as the participants’ gender and age, on perceptual outcomes.