The Poznań School of Methodology is a research milieu, which was created at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań from the mid-1960s until 1973. Its founder was Jerzy Kmita—a philosopher and methodologist. It developed an original, naturalistic, and anti-positivist methodological model of the humanities, in which a scientific explanation procedure—referred to as the humanistic interpretation—defines the specific character of the humanities and social sciences. Between 1970 and 1973, the group analyzed Marx’s research method, determining that it consisted of a procedure of idealization and concretization. After this period, the Poznań School of Methodology disbanded as a research group sharing common theoretical assumptions. Three academic teams emerged, of which the one considered a continuation of the School was the group of researchers centered around Jerzy Kmita. They pursued the work in the realm of the theory of scientific knowledge within the framework of the historical epistemology proposed by Kmita himself and later from the perspective of his socio-regulative theory of culture. These approaches formed the basis of what is known as the “Poznań School of Cultural Studies.”