Accurate segmentation of fluid regions in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is crucial for ophthalmologic diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, automated segmentation models face two key challenges: high annotation costs and limited generalization across OCT devices. We investigate foundation models to address these challenges, evaluating a domain-specific OCT foundation model trained using the SimCLR method and an adapted Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2). Through experiments with datasets ranging from 50 to 2,500 images and cross-device validation, we show that foundation models outperform ImageNet-pretrained models in small data regimes. In cross-device evaluation, both foundation models demonstrated superior generalization. Our findings indicate that foundation models significantly reduce annotation requirements and enhance cross-device adaptability, lowering development costs and accelerating deployment of OCT fluid segmentation solutions.

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Improved Training Sample Efficiency and Inter-device Generalizability in Optical Coherence Tomography Fluid Segmentation via Foundation Models

  • Yusuke Kikuchi,
  • Matthew McLeod,
  • Eric Gros,
  • Maxime Usdin,
  • Ali Boushehri,
  • Julia Cluceru,
  • Yaniv Cohen,
  • Yvonna Li,
  • Qi Yang

摘要

Accurate segmentation of fluid regions in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is crucial for ophthalmologic diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, automated segmentation models face two key challenges: high annotation costs and limited generalization across OCT devices. We investigate foundation models to address these challenges, evaluating a domain-specific OCT foundation model trained using the SimCLR method and an adapted Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2). Through experiments with datasets ranging from 50 to 2,500 images and cross-device validation, we show that foundation models outperform ImageNet-pretrained models in small data regimes. In cross-device evaluation, both foundation models demonstrated superior generalization. Our findings indicate that foundation models significantly reduce annotation requirements and enhance cross-device adaptability, lowering development costs and accelerating deployment of OCT fluid segmentation solutions.