Socialist Democracy in Yugoslavia: Female Workers’ Participation at the Shop Floor
摘要
Socialist democracySocialist democracy was the proclaimedShop floor political system in the Socialist Federation of Yugoslavia. Politically, the system emerged in 1950 with the development of self-managementSelf-management, a theory which criticised of the Soviet systemSoviet system, rejected the notion of a people’s democracy and put forward Yugoslavia’s own ideas of socialist democracySocialist democracy. The biggest difference between socialist democracySocialist democracy in Yugoslavia and the communist Soviet UnionSoviet Union was the role of the stateState, as socialist democracySocialist democracy set on de-etatisation, with the aim of abolishing the stateState. Socialist democracySocialist democracy was based on the self-managementSelf-management system, workersWorkers’ participationParticipation and local self-government. In Yugoslavia, propertyProperty did not belong to the stateState, but to society. It was assumed that through the socialisation of propertyProperty—especially through the distribution of “income” according to the result of workWork, which meant that the income created was managed by those who produced it—socialist democracySocialist democracy would gradually develop. Income included not only personal wagesWages, but also other funds managed by workersWorkers and used for building local infrastructure, public servicesPublic services (education, culture, health), communityCommunity life, investments to accelerate the development of less developed regions in Yugoslavia or other regions in need (humanitarian aid in case of earthquakes, floods, etc.). Although it is debatable in how many factories and to what extent production workersWorkers were actually involved in income distribution, especially in determining their own wagesWages,