Example #3: By Labelling Deviance
摘要
Psychology’s diagnostic norms are politically biased. Its classifications are arbitrary and culturally contingent, leading to inconsistent application. For example, children from racial minorities are more likely to be diagnosed with conduct disorders than white children who display the same behaviours. This clinical open-endedness allows for political projection, where conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder or gender dysphoria can be dismissed as fashionable trends. Ultimately, psychology individualises suffering, thereby locating defects within people rather than within a dysfunctional society. This disproportionately marginalises out-groups and contradicts claims that the field is liberally biased.