Blockchain technologyBlockchain technology is increasingly recognized as a tool for enhancing supply chain trackingSupply chain tracking and performance managementPerformance management. This chapter examines how blockchainBlockchain (BC), as a distributed and immutable ledger system, can address longstanding supply chain challenges, including performance management, fragmented data, distrust among partners, and reliance on intermediaries. The literature and recent implementations across industries help us assess the blockchain’s impact on transparency, traceability, and operational efficiency in supply chains. The chapter introduces the fundamentals of integrating blockchainBlockchain (BC) into supply chain processes and examines its role as a performance managementPerformance management tool enabling real-time, trustworthy metrics of supply chain activities. Four in-depth case studies from diverse sectors (food retail, pharmaceuticals, logistics, and luxury goods) illustrate the current applications of blockchainBlockchain (BC) in supply chain trackingSupply chain tracking and management. A comparative analysis framework is developed to evaluate each case along dimensions of strengths, opportunities for growth, and specific blockchain use cases. We also conceptualize how blockchain networks interact with supply chain layers and data flows to reduce intermediaries and improve transparency. Furthermore, emerging trends are identified, including blockchain’s convergence with Internet of ThingsInternet of Things (IoT) sensors and smart contracts, and its potential to drive multi-industry supply chain innovation by fostering trust, efficiency, and data-driven performance managementPerformance management in both developed and developing countries.