This study explores the cognitive and physiological dynamics of UAV operators, utilizing ECG sensor for comprehensive monitoring, with a specific emphasis on Heart Rate Variability (HRV). By integrating Assisted and partial levels of automation, alongside operator expertise and physiological measurements, intricate connections between operators and UAV technology are revealed. The findings elucidate the relationship between automation level and physiological responses, as indicated by variations in HRV. Real-time monitoring facilitated by ECG sensor unveils distinctive HRV patterns corresponding to different levels of automation. Assisted automation scenarios demonstrate lower HRV readings, suggesting increased cognitive demand, while Partial automation exhibits increased HRV, indicative of potential cognitive load reduction. These findings underscore the transformative impact of automation on unmanned aviation, enhancing overall performance and decision-making. The integration of ECG data bolsters empirical foundations, guiding the development of interfaces, training programs, and operational protocols in the dynamic UAV landscape.