High-temperature Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems are crucial for sustainable energy, offering dispatchable power and industrial process heat, unlike intermittent photovoltaics. Their ability to integrate thermal energy storage ensures consistent energy delivery. Thermodynamically, higher receiver outlet temperatures boost power cycle efficiency, enabling integration with advanced cycles like supercritical CO₂ Brayton, significantly reducing the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE). Elevated temperatures also increase the energy density of thermal storage, leading to more compact and cost-effective plant designs. Recent material science advancements are overcoming challenges of operating CSP above 650 ℃. This chapter systematically examines the techno-economic aspects of high-temperature solar thermal systems, integrating thermodynamic, optical, material, and economic dimensions through comparative analysis of plant subsystems and real-world data.