Hydrocarbons, since their discovery, have become the main tool determining the course of geopolitical confrontation and economic globalisation. In the twentieth century, the world consumption of energy resources increased 16 times. In the XXI century, at least in its first quarter, the world energy balance is still dominated by hydrocarbon resources: oil, natural gas and coal (36, 27.5 and 23% respectively), compared to renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal) and nuclear energy (7 and 6% respectively).