Structural and functional neuroimaging techniques have their own unique advantages. A common neuroimaging technique is computed tomography (CT) scanning. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is known for its ability to produce detailed, high-resolution images without employing ionising radiation. An advanced version of MRI imaging is functional MRI (fMRI), for studying and correlating functions of the brain. With the addition of newer neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), etc., studying the physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects along with the neuroanatomy has become possible. Apart from studying the normal anatomy and physiology, these techniques are immensely useful for diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases. They are believed to be game-changers and have revolutionised disease management in clinical neuroscience. This chapter discusses some of the commonly employed neuroimaging techniques and recent advances in them as they are evolving and their utility in neuroscience research and in clinics.