Pulpal anaesthesia is a cornerstone in the delivery of endodontic therapy. It affects not only the dentist’s ability to provide safe, pain-free treatment, but enhances patient compliance and satisfaction. Administration of local anaesthesia is one of the first procedures performed by the dentist. This chapter reviews some of the key local anaesthetic components and techniques available to providers in the pursuit of providing pain-free dental treatment. This includes both mandibular and maxillary injections, testing for pulpal anaesthesia, new technology and drug formulations, and the supplemental techniques that may make all the difference for the provider and patient.