Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) use has always shown a significant protective effect on the risk of ovarian cancer (more than 50% of reduction for 15 years of use), not only for the epithelial histotype, especially for the use during the perimenopausal period. The risk of endometrial cancer is reduced by about 50% in ever users of CHCs, a benefit which is greater with increasing duration of use. Colorectal cancer is the most frequent neoplasm in nonsmokers of both sexes combined in Western countries, and CHCs use seems to reduce its risk (as postmenopausal hormone therapy does). A positive association has been found between increased risk of uterine cervical cancer and long-term CHCs use, but this risk is influenced by different human papilloma virus (HPV) exposures in users and nonusers of hormonal contraceptives. This association will be affected by actual primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary (screening) prevention policies. Confirmed data derived from independent international trials state that the risk of any cancers as a whole and their related mortality do not appear to be increased in CHCs users, while that of gynecological ones seems even reduced. The effect of progestin-only methods has not been studied that much: however, the protective effects appear to be more limited than the combined ones on some organs (i.e., ovary, colon-rectum). The use of CHCs should be avoided in stromal ovarian cancer (granulosa cells) and follicular lymphoma survivors.