This study provides an extensive bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on sustainable agriculture financing, based on a set of 908 articles indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2020 to 2025. Using a combination of quantitative methods and graphical visualisations, including keyword co-occurrence networks, thematic and factor maps, author productivity analysis, institutional output and the structure of international collaborations, research outlines the field’s conceptual, geographical and collaborative structure. Core themes identified include impact, agriculture, management, climate change and performance, while topics such as conservation, biodiversity and resilience are expanding. The results highlight China as the most important contributor in terms of publication volume and international collaborations, followed by the United States, Romania and Brazil. The application of Lotka’s Law confirms the concentration of scientific output around a small number of prolific authors. The comparative analysis of the types of collaboration (national versus international) at the country level highlights different strategies of scientific integration. The study thus provides a strategic map of the field and solid foundations for directing research policies and investments in sustainable agriculture.