Regenerative medicine comprises technologies that can repair or replace damaged cells or tissues in order to address conditions caused by disease, injury, or aging. Among these technologies, stem cell therapy and genetic engineering hold particular promise for advancing regenerative medicine. While these innovations could significantly improve health outcomes, they also raise complex ethical and regulatory challenges. India, with its high disease burden, diverse population, and rapidly growing biomedical sector, provides a compelling case study for examining the governance of regenerative medicine. The country’s dynamic healthcare landscape, which integrates both modern and traditional medicine, presents unique regulatory and ethical considerations. However, India’s experience is not merely of local interest, it also offers insights relevant to other emerging markets navigating similar challenges. This chapter explores the governance of stem cell therapy and genetic engineering in India, identifying key opportunities and challenges in their adoption. It argues that while public acceptance of these technologies in India is likely to be high, significant efforts are needed to: (i) reduce the cost of therapies through local research and production, (ii) increase public awareness of their benefits and risks, and (iii) enhance regulatory capacity to ensure responsible oversight. Similar strategies may be valuable for other countries seeking to facilitate equitable and ethical access to regenerative medicine.