The paper is devoted to the development and implementation of a key exchange application using homomorphic encryption to enhance security in IP telephony. With the increasing dependence on Voice over IP (VoIP) technologies, protecting sensitive data has become a critical issue. Traditional key exchange protocols, despite their effectiveness, are often vulnerable to various cyber threats, requiring the search for more secure alternatives. An analysis of existing key exchange protocols such as ZRTP and TLS-SRTP is performed, assessing their strengths and weaknesses in terms of security, performance, and usability. Then, the principles and advantages of homomorphic encryption, which allows computing over encrypted data without decrypting it, are explored. A prototype application is developed that integrates homomorphic encryption into the key exchange process, ensuring secure communication while maintaining operational efficiency. The application is thoroughly tested under various conditions to evaluate its effectiveness in real-world scenarios, paying special attention to key performance metrics such as latency, computational load, and bandwidth requirements.