Studies in conflict and international security have been transformed by the two post-Cold War transitions–globalization and democratization—and by the ensuing instances of backlash in the form of nationalism, extremism, and populism. Analyses of new patterns of conflict, emerging cyber threats, biological and global health risks, and climate dangers provide opportunities for refinement of empirical and theoretical knowledge in light of such new trends. They also reveal the rise of new conflict management practices, innovative policy responses, and institutional mechanisms that aim at rectifying the imbalances aggravated by previous waves of globalization. With the new threats and dangers becoming more extensive, interlaced, and consequential, the calls for reglobalization or outright introduction of planetary politics are intensifying. First, they serve as a real-world evidence of the limits of the principle of Westphalian territorial sovereignty. Second, they reveal the need for strategies of security protection and risk mitigation that extend beyond the traditional agenda of the military or police apparatuses. Third, they suggest the conditions for social transformation on one hand, and localized mechanisms to enable such transformation to mitigate or prevent conflict and violence on the other. Finally, they raise epistemological questions about West-centric biases embodied in the concepts of democracy and freedom promoted under the cloak of universalistic values. This chapter argues that new security studies represent a promising step for revisiting security- and conflict-related research in political sciences, but they must further incorporate post-Western and Global South oriented approaches.