This chapter reviews the practice guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Note: Empiric antibiotic therapy should be tailored based on local pathogen prevalence and susceptibility patterns, using hospital-specific antibiograms to guide selection and minimize resistance. Therapy should also account for pathogen-specific risk factors, prior infections, and antibiotic exposure. Once culture and susceptibility results are available, treatment should be optimized accordingly. Consult Infectious Diseases specialists when appropriate.