Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation (LT), affecting over 45% of recipients in the first year with 20–50% attributable mortality. The post-transplantation timeline of infection risk incorporates early postoperative factors, anatomic complications, intensity of immunosuppression, and epidemiologic exposures (Table 24.1). Early consultation with Transplant Infectious Diseases specialists improves outcomes and optimizes antimicrobial use. Table 24.2 highlights an approach to diagnosis and management of suspected infections in the early, intermediate, and late post-LT periods. Table 24.3 provides a summary of common pathogens responsible for infections in liver transplant recipients (LTRs).