Colposcopy is a procedure used to evaluate the abnormal Pap smear as well as to visualize abnormalities noted anywhere along the lower female reproductive tract. The colposcope is an illuminating instrument that enables the provider to examine the vulva, vagina, cervix, and anus under magnified view. The goal of colposcopy is to identify areas of abnormal epithelium and perform directed biopsies, which will allow for a histological evaluation of abnormal cytological results.