The article discusses the problem of cavitation in the technical field, its mechanisms, consequences, and prospects for further research. Cavitation is the process of forming vapor bubbles in a liquid due to pressure reduction, which can lead to negative consequences in technical systems such as hydraulic machines, pumps, pipelines, etc. The main mechanisms of cavitation include the formation, growth, and collapse of vapor bubbles in the liquid. This can result in decreased efficiency of technical systems, erosion of materials, and energy dissipation. To solve the problem of cavitation, it is important to develop new methods for predicting and controlling this process. Experimental modeling methods and numerical analysis are effective tools for studying cavitation phenomena. It is also important to research materials that have high resistance to cavitation and to develop new technologies for their use. Scientific research in the field of cavitation is essential for further technological progress in technical systems. A deep understanding of this phenomenon and the development of new control methods will improve the efficiency and reliability of technical systems in the future.