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This study investigates the mineralogical, environmental, and mechanical properties of copper slag (CS) as a precursor material (PM) for alkaline-activated binders (AABs) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions. From an environmental perspective, the leaching behavior of 13 elements (As, Ba, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sb, V and Zn) was assessed through compliance tests, which classified CS as an inert material. However, pH-dependent leaching tests on heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) and metalloids (As, Sb), revealed that under highly alkaline conditions (pH 12.9), these elements exceed the limits established for hazardous materials, despite their classification as inert waste in the compliance tests. Regarding the mechanical performance, alkaline-activated copper slag pastes achieved a compressive strength of 25 MPa at 28 days.

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Study of Leaching Behavior of Copper Slag and Its Alkaline Activation Potential

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ingrid Farías Castillo,
  • Diego Aponte,
  • Marilda Barra

摘要

This study investigates the mineralogical, environmental, and mechanical properties of copper slag (CS) as a precursor material (PM) for alkaline-activated binders (AABs) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions. From an environmental perspective, the leaching behavior of 13 elements (As, Ba, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sb, V and Zn) was assessed through compliance tests, which classified CS as an inert material. However, pH-dependent leaching tests on heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) and metalloids (As, Sb), revealed that under highly alkaline conditions (pH 12.9), these elements exceed the limits established for hazardous materials, despite their classification as inert waste in the compliance tests. Regarding the mechanical performance, alkaline-activated copper slag pastes achieved a compressive strength of 25 MPa at 28 days.