Climate resilience is the capacity of a system, community, or society to endure, adjust to, and bounce back from the effects of climate change while continuing to work toward its objectives of social, ecological, and economic development. Bioenergy and green fuels contribute to climate resilience by providing renewable and sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting energy system reform. Besides, energy system transformation, hard-to-abate sectors, carbon capture-storage, local economy supports, rural development can be ameliorated through the proper implementation of bioenergy and green fuels production platforms to attain successful climate resilience, economic viability and sustainability. Implementing bioenergy and green fuels to establish a sustainable bioeconomy, however, is fraught with challenges and issues. These include land competition, concerns about the security of edible food, environmental damage, and the need for appropriate policies and continued technical advancements considering AI and Machine-Learning to support the development of sustainable bioenergy and/or green energy and mitigate potential risks. To this purpose, the current comprehensive summary will concentrate on the latest developments regarding the role of bioenergy and green fuels production in achieving climatic resilience, taking into account a wide range of benefits, drawbacks, and applications while highlighting the need for innovation, investment, and policy support to achieve a sustainable and circular bioeconomy in the near future.