Food security in Algeria is faced with galloping population growth, multiple disruptions in the agricultural sector and low reserves of water resources due to water shortage, drought, and water pollution as the Climate change is progressing, which will have devastating effects on agriculture. Water is at the heart of agriculture and the entire sustainable development program, which depends on integrated management of water resources and innovative solutions. The water problem in Algeria is increasing every year, the filling rate of operating dams across the national territory has declined, due to low precipitation induced by climate change, while the rate of dam siltation have increased considerably. To deal with this situation, public authorities have the role of better informing and raising awareness among the population on environmental issues, sufficiently encouraging businesses and public organizations to behave responsibly which will allow to promote sustainable consumption and production patterns methods to improve environmental performances. They must insist on the sharing of responsibilities between the government and society and on decision-making, which follows consultation, and not in a centralized manner, with the establishment of a legal and institutional framework.