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To return Nazi spoiled assets, the French legal framework revolves around two logics. The first is based on the idea that some assets are awaiting their legitimate owners: these are the National Museums of Recovery (MNR). The second allows for the transfer of ownership of assets that should not have left the hands of their rightful owners and should be restored as to their rights, which is the sphere of operation for the Commission for the Compensation of Victims of Anti-Semitic Spoliation (CIVS) that was created in 1999 by decree. Additionally, CIVS’s jurisdiction was expanded in 2018 to include cultural assets integrated into public collections and MNR. This study delves into the French Commission for the Compensation of Victims of Anti-Semitic Spoliation during the Occupation (CIVS), exploring its establishment, responsibilities, and legal foundations. It also examines the application process, adjudication procedures, the binding nature of CIVS decisions, and their subsequent execution. Additionally, the legal framework of restitution of looted assets and its implementation by French tribunals is analysed.

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Commissions for the Restitution of Cultural Property Looted During World War II in the Light of the French CIVS

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ebru Ay Chelli

摘要

To return Nazi spoiled assets, the French legal framework revolves around two logics. The first is based on the idea that some assets are awaiting their legitimate owners: these are the National Museums of Recovery (MNR). The second allows for the transfer of ownership of assets that should not have left the hands of their rightful owners and should be restored as to their rights, which is the sphere of operation for the Commission for the Compensation of Victims of Anti-Semitic Spoliation (CIVS) that was created in 1999 by decree. Additionally, CIVS’s jurisdiction was expanded in 2018 to include cultural assets integrated into public collections and MNR. This study delves into the French Commission for the Compensation of Victims of Anti-Semitic Spoliation during the Occupation (CIVS), exploring its establishment, responsibilities, and legal foundations. It also examines the application process, adjudication procedures, the binding nature of CIVS decisions, and their subsequent execution. Additionally, the legal framework of restitution of looted assets and its implementation by French tribunals is analysed.