Digital technology has restructured the spatial configuration and power relations of the educational field, propelling the educational ecosystem towards a transformation characterized by polycentricity and boundarylessness. Social networks and online platforms have dismantled the physical boundaries and knowledge monopolies of traditional educational institutions, giving rise to new learning models and knowledge-sharing networks, and triggering a dramatic shift in the distribution of educational resources. This process has intensified the conflict between the decentralization of knowledge power and the inertia of traditional educational institutions, which is prominently manifested in the value differences among educational stakeholders and the difficulties in collaborative transformation. By employing the theory of social space and the framework of institutional change, this study constructs a “four-dimensional restructuring” model and a dynamical equation of knowledge power game, revealing the adaptive pathways of educational institutions under technological impact, including rule innovation, transformation of evaluation paradigms, and dynamic equilibrium mechanisms.