The chapter presents a simplified scheme of the eight stages of anthropogenesis as a conventional empirical model for the theoretical explanation of major sapientation shifts. These aromorphoses brought the hominin lineage closer to H. sapiens. The author begins by considering anthropogenesis as a “black box” in which the “inputs” are the first early hominins to descend to Earth, while the “outputs” are Sapiens (hunter-gatherers) with known unique traits. Distinguishing intermediate stages sets the tasks for the subsequent explanation of the corresponding aromorphoses, taking into account changing conditions and general evolutionary principles. The division into stages involves complex scattering not only in dating, judgments about genealogical relationships, and the continuity of technologies, but also in the taxonomy of hominid species itself. Moreover, the evolutionary factors of progressive sapientation of the supposed “core” lineage change in significance. The scheme of stages corresponds to the main canons of the division of the Paleolithic and the genealogy of Sapiens. The author identifies eight major stages of anthropogenesis, beginning with Australopithecus (5–2.7 Ma) and ending with Late Sapiens (from 15 ka). The chapter adopts modern concepts of African multiregionalism and “replacement with leakage” in the relationship between the Sapiens who came to Eurasia and the old-timers (Neanderthals and Denisovans). A particular hominin taxon dominated within each stage. The author treats stone technology as part of a broader picture of changing hominin lifestyles and social orders in the context of major climatic changes, “bottlenecks” of depopulation, and subsequent recovery.