This chapter covers cybersecurity incident identification and response. It emphasizes security monitoring and the SOC’s proactive threat detection. Students learn to classify events, warnings, and incidents by severity and scope. The chapter examines log aggregation, correlation, and real-time analysis. It explains the intrusion kill chain and the Diamond Model to help readers map incidents and understand attacker activity. Threat intelligence technologies like MITRE ATT&CK are taught to students. The chapter emphasizes incident response lifecycle stages—preparation, identification, containment, eradication, recovery, and lessons learned. Students see data breaches, APTs, and ransomware outbreaks, emphasizing the need for structured reaction plans. Forensics, recordkeeping, and reporting after an incident boost organizational resilience. This chapter gives prospective professionals analytical and procedural skills for incident detection, investigation, and response.