Climate-smart forestry (CSF) is an emerging and integrative framework designed to enhance the resilience of forests and forest-dependent communities to climate change while also contributing to climate change mitigation and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). CSF encompasses adaptive forest management, improved carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, technological innovation, and inclusive, participatory governance. This chapter examines both the conceptual foundations and practical applications of CSF, drawing on successful global case studies, analyzing policy integration mechanisms, and assessing its ecological benefits and socio-economic implications. A comprehensive assessment of current strategies, enabling technologies, implementation barriers, and future research directions provides insights for embedding CSF into national forest policies and climate action agendas. Notably, the analysis highlights that CSF surpasses conventional forestry practices, embodying a transformative, systems-based approach crucial for harmonizing ecological sustainability with socio-economic development in an era of accelerating climate change.