Efficient management of medical equipment in healthcare centers is essential to ensure the quality and continuity of healthcare services. This study presents a systematic review aimed at identifying and analyzing existing management systems, their characteristics, advantages, limitations, and their impact on optimizing hospital resources. The PRISMA 2020 methodology was applied to select relevant articles published between January 2010 and October 2024, using the PubMed database. The results show that medical technology management systems increasingly focus on equipment tracking via unique device identifiers (UDI), evidence-based predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring using IoT and RFID, and resource optimization through integration with hospital information systems. However, limited implementation of these systems is observed in many contexts—particularly in resource-constrained regions—where manual processes and traditional records still prevail. Moreover, the review highlights a lack of standardized development and evaluation metrics, with many systems assessed solely through usability surveys. This work underscores the need to develop specialized, interoperable, and sustainable digital solutions to enhance medical equipment management in healthcare facilities.