Motor Reaction Gestures in Reaching Tasks: A Comparative Analysis of Finger Pointing vs. Open Palm Movements
摘要
Reaction time (RT), a common measure of processing speed, can be decomposed into decision-making time (DMK) and electromechanical delay (EMD) to gain more nuanced insights into motor control. This study aimed to evaluate whether motor gesture influences RT and its components in simple motor tasks. Seven young adults participated in an experiment involving three motor response conditions: palm, index finger, and mixed (requiring decision-making based on stimulus color). Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to detect muscle activation of the Deltoideus Anterior, while hand movement was tracked with a position transducer. RT was decomposed into DMK (stimulus to EMG onset) and EMD (EMG onset to movement onset). Statistical analysis was conducted using non-parametric Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni correction. Significant differences in RT (p < 0.0001) and EMD (p < 0.0001) were found across conditions. No significant differences were observed for DMK (p = 0.4465). However, post-hoc comparisons did not survive Bonferroni correction, limiting definitive conclusions. The findings suggest that the motor complexity of a gesture primarily affects the execution phase (EMD) rather than the cognitive planning phase (DMK).