Torticollis: Overview
摘要
Torticollis is a catch-all word for a group of disorders affecting the head and neck muscles. These disorders are characterized by irregularities in the direction of head movements or phasic components, which can be either horizontal (as in “no” motion) or vertical (as in “yes” motion). The tremor-like equal-and-inverse head motions are one kind, while spasmodic movements are characterized by quick clonic movements of the neck and head followed by sluggish recovery. Originating in Latin, the terms “tortus” (meaning “twisted”) and “collum” (meaning “neck”). Due to torticollis, the head and neck can either remain in a fixed position or move in various positions. Head rotation or tilting is caused by spasms of the trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and other neck muscles, which are typically more noticeable on one side than the other.