The Role of Political Consultancy in India’s Electoral Politics (2011–24): Crisis within Party and Democracy?
摘要
This chapter examines the role of political consultancy in India’s electoral politics. It was in 2009 when a consultancy firm was first used in Odisha. In the 2011 State Assembly elections in Gujarat political consultancy was more visible as supplicant to the electoral process. Its role has assumed larger proportions since, and in the last three Lok Sabha (lower house of Indian Parliament) elections and some State Assembly elections, political parties except the Left have made use of the services in the formulation and application of electoral strategy, making of the right slogan, assessment of their voters’ mood and so on. Such agencies as ‘IPAC’ (Indian Political Action Committee) are surrogates to the relative organizational weaknesses of political parties. Such professional bodies manipulate and influence public opinion in favour of the parties who hire them at high financial cost. These professional bodies whose primary aim is to win votes for the political party they work for use to plan strategies, conduct precise surveys, manage sophisticated communication tools and mobilize party cadre often at the cost of broader public interest for the narrow professional as well as party interest. Such outsourcing made by political parties has not only caused drastic atrophy to the functional and organizational structure of the party but also impact on the political backroom ecosystem in the electoral landscape of the country. The inculcation of business professionalism within the framework of political parties has weakened its internal machinery, grip over local issues and organizational order to a large extent.