This chapter focuses on identifying appropriate approaches to research in family violence for a given research question. It addresses the context-specific and ethical issues that arise when doing violence research. The importance of a conceptual framework that specifies the aims and hypotheses of the proposed research, as well as selecting measures to minimise response bias, is discussed. The chapter aims to provide an overview of the types of research designs, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed-method and implementation study designs. For each design type, it examines their advantages and disadvantages and how these affect the trade-offs between internal and external validity. Design enhancements through the inclusion of mediators and moderators into the study design are covered so that the researcher can examine the mechanism by which interventions lead to improvements in violence and understand if an intervention’s effectiveness depends on participants’ characteristics.