This chapter provides an overview of violence in childhood including physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy, and witnessing intimate partner violence. We provide definitions and data on risk factors for each type of child maltreatment. We describe short- and long-term physical health outcomes such as acute injuries, and chronic changes in brain chemistry and structure. We describe mental health impacts including depression and anxiety, behavioral impacts including a brief discussion of problematic sexual behavior and disruptions in attachment in interpersonal relationships. We further describe evidence supporting interventions at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Emphasis is placed on early identification and the role of nurses in decreasing harm.