This chapter delves into the fascinating world of late nineteenth-century literature to uncover how Wilkie Collins, Émile Zola, and Ouida responded to the controversial practice of vivisection. Victorian novelists used storytelling to challenge the scientific objectification of animals and develop a unique “canine critique”—a literary voice that questions scientific authority itself. The analysis highlights the legal, ethical, and emotional dimensions of animal suffering, revealing how laws often failed to address the moral dilemmas of animal experimentation. Collins’s engagement with legal issues, Zola’s ethically conflicted “literary laboratory,” and Ouida’s it-narrative demonstrate how fiction became a powerful tool for ethical resistance. These stories invite us to view animal experiences through new eyes, emphasizing empathy over human-centered perspectives and exposing the limitations of rationalism.