Spain
摘要
This chapter reviews the Spanish regulatory environment for credit intermediation. It discusses licensing requirements, consumer protection measures, and the supervisory responsibilities of national authorities. Consumer credit intermediaries, unlike residential immovable property credit intermediaries, are not required to register nor supervised by the Bank of Spain. Spain’s framework emphasizes transparency, disclosure of commissions, and the responsibilities of intermediaries in ensuring fair treatment of consumers. The chapter also highlights challenges such as regulatory fragmentation.