Based on the examination of the developmental niche in the previous chapters, this chapter reconstructs two developmental pathways of early development in Menamaty. The developmental pathway towards hierarchical relatedness is embedded in caregiver–child relationships and promoted through a body-centred caregiving style that focuses on children’s bodily needs and feelings of security and calmness. In this social context, children can experience themselves as being dependent for their well-being, and even their physical existence and health, on the care of the older generation. This dependence is gradually channelled from comprehensive bodily care in infancy, to feeding throughout childhood, to the provision of subsistence and life force in adulthood. The egalitarian-autonomous developmental pathway is embedded in relationships between children of similar age, especially cousins. It is promoted through emotionally expressive and cognitively stimulating reciprocal interaction, which children pursue with each other in search of entertaining experiences and learning opportunities. In this context, children develop a more autonomous mode of self in relation to others, as they cultivate relationships according to their individual preferences and express their emotions and desires freely. In the final section, the chapter argues that these two developmental pathways are complementary: they meet different needs, emerge simultaneously, and develop independently of each other.

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Multiple Developmental Pathways

  • Gabriel Scheidecker

摘要

Based on the examination of the developmental niche in the previous chapters, this chapter reconstructs two developmental pathways of early development in Menamaty. The developmental pathway towards hierarchical relatedness is embedded in caregiver–child relationships and promoted through a body-centred caregiving style that focuses on children’s bodily needs and feelings of security and calmness. In this social context, children can experience themselves as being dependent for their well-being, and even their physical existence and health, on the care of the older generation. This dependence is gradually channelled from comprehensive bodily care in infancy, to feeding throughout childhood, to the provision of subsistence and life force in adulthood. The egalitarian-autonomous developmental pathway is embedded in relationships between children of similar age, especially cousins. It is promoted through emotionally expressive and cognitively stimulating reciprocal interaction, which children pursue with each other in search of entertaining experiences and learning opportunities. In this context, children develop a more autonomous mode of self in relation to others, as they cultivate relationships according to their individual preferences and express their emotions and desires freely. In the final section, the chapter argues that these two developmental pathways are complementary: they meet different needs, emerge simultaneously, and develop independently of each other.