Gender disparities remain a significant challenge in radiology despite a large share of medical graduates. This chapter examines inequities across various subspecialties—interventional radiology, neuroradiology, breast imaging, and pediatric radiology—where women are notably underrepresented in leadership and academic roles. Structural and cultural barriers, including implicit bias, limited mentorship, concerns about work–life balance, and intersectional challenges affecting women of color, contribute to a persistent brain drain. The review highlights discrepancies in research output and authorship positions, underscoring the impact of systemic issues on career progression. It also presents actionable recommendations such as early exposure initiatives, comprehensive mentorship programs, implicit bias training, and policy reforms to create equitable career pathways.