Urbanisation is a multifaceted socio-economicEconomic process that encompasses various dimensions and influences multiple aspects of human life and the environmentEnvironment. It typically involves the movementMigration of people from ruralRural to urbanUrban areas, leading to the expansionExpansion of towns and cities. This chapter examines the dynamics of mountain urbanisationUrbanisation in LadakhLadakh, a region situated in the Trans-Himalayan regionHimalayan region of India. IndiaIt begins with a background review that highlights the urbanisation and developmentDevelopment challengesChallenges in this high-altitude region. The study seeks to offer an in-depth insight into how urbanisation unfolds in Ladakh, considering key influencing factors such as socio-economicSocio-economic dynamics and policy interventions. Additionally, it explores the implications of urban growthUrban growth on local communities, infrastructureInfrastructure, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the book outlines its specific objectives and research questions, establishing a clear framework for analysis. The structure of the book is also discussed, presenting a chapter-wise overview that ensures a systematic and in-depth examination of the subject.