This paper considers best practices for research-based 3D modelling in art and architectural history, proposing a refined Florence4D workflow for the integration of ‘traditional’ scholarly research with digital visualisation methods in a way that is transparent, stable and verifiable. The case study through which these issues are explored is the digital reconstruction of the camera terrena of Florence’s Palazzo Medici, as it appeared in c.1492. The goal is to revisualise and test out hypotheses for the interaction between furniture, architectural space and artworks (including Paolo Uccello’s Battle of San Romano panels) in this exceptional Renaissance interior during a key moment in its history.