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As a highly active organ, the awake brain operates at near capacity. It has limited ability to increase delivery of blood, and hence oxygen and glucose, due to restrictions dictated by capillary density and the space within the skull. In addition, the chemoelectric operating environment (homeostasis) of the brain restricts the amount of glucose and oxygen that can be supplied and the level of generated protons (H+) and CO2 that can be tolerated without impacting brain functions. This chapter describes the neurochemical basis of how the brain operates carefully within these homeostatic limits: why they exist and what can happen when these limits are infringed.

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Brain Energy Constraints and Vulnerability

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Caroline D. Rae,
  • L. Felipe Barros,
  • Alexander Behnke,
  • Manu S. Goyal,
  • Suzana Herculano-Houzel,
  • Daria Peleg-Raibstein,
  • Martin Picard,
  • Douglas Rothman,
  • Anthony C. Vernon,
  • Zoltan Sarnyai

摘要

As a highly active organ, the awake brain operates at near capacity. It has limited ability to increase delivery of blood, and hence oxygen and glucose, due to restrictions dictated by capillary density and the space within the skull. In addition, the chemoelectric operating environment (homeostasis) of the brain restricts the amount of glucose and oxygen that can be supplied and the level of generated protons (H+) and CO2 that can be tolerated without impacting brain functions. This chapter describes the neurochemical basis of how the brain operates carefully within these homeostatic limits: why they exist and what can happen when these limits are infringed.