Jacquineau Azétsop’s contributions to public health and bioethics in Africa reflect his commitment to equity, social justice, and culturally relevant healthcare solutions. His work emphasized addressing healthcare disparities rooted in Africa’s colonial legacy, which marginalized healthcare development and created fragmented systems. Azétsop highlighted the need for public health policies that actively promote human dignity, equity, and the inclusion of vulnerable populations. He stressed the importance of incorporating social determinants of health in medical research, advocating for ethical frameworks that respect cultural values and safeguard marginalized communities. Azétsop’s advocacy for universal access to quality healthcare, protection of vulnerable populations from exploitation in medical trials, and the integration of social justice in public health policies has significantly shaped African healthcare discourse. His bioethical approach emphasized localized responses that integrate African socio-economic and cultural realities. This chapter explores Azétsop’s intellectual legacy, emphasizing his pioneering efforts to redefine bioethics through a rights-based approach that promotes equity and sustainable healthcare solutions. Azétsop’s work remains influential in guiding policymakers, researchers, and public health practitioners in addressing Africa’s health inequities and promoting social justice–oriented interventions.