Western medical care poses several challenges in Africa ranging from accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and cultural relevance. During COVID-19, most Africans reverted to indigenous ways of disease control, among them the use of taboos. Taboos are informal structures, where values, rather than legislative rules and laws, regulate various human behaviors that influence many aspects of life, including health patterns. This chapter seeks to explore the role of taboo systems in disease control for sound health in Africa. The chapter is guided by the indigenous wholistic framework. Using selected examples from some communities in Africa, this chapter explains the traditional African worldview perspective on diseases, the roles of taboos in healthcare, and makes recommendations on how to utilize taboos in the contemporary society in promoting sound health. The chapter proposes that Africa needs a healthcare system that integrates both Western and traditional approaches in addressing medical challenges. It heeds to Sustainable Development Goals 3 and Aspiration 1 of the African Union’s Agenda 2063 that longs for a flourishing Africa grounded on inclusive development and sustainable growth in the desire for an era when Africans will have a high standard of living, quality life, sound health, and well-being.