This chapter explores the multifaceted nature of educational inclusion through the lens of complexity theory. It discusses how vulnerabilities intersect with systemic factors to shape inclusive practices and outcomes, particularly in African educational contexts. The chapter argues that complexity theory provides a valuable framework for understanding and responding to the challenges of fostering truly inclusive learning environments. It examines how principles of complexity theory can inform more dynamic approaches to inclusive education, highlighting the potential for diverse learner interactions to drive creative problem-solving. The chapter also advocates for decentralised, participatory approaches in curriculum design and emphasises the importance of continuous adaptation in educational practices. It concludes that complexity theory offers a robust framework for reimagining inclusive education in African contexts, despite challenges in implementation.