Microalgae play an important role in biological routes for the industrial production of pigments. Their wide range of production of high-value compounds, especially pigments, has led to significant improvements in their production systems, as there is an increasing demand for these bioresources in the pharmaceutical, food, nutraceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, and energy sectors. Thus, reactor engineering has driven these studies, with improvements and solutions that constantly seek to minimize the bottlenecks faced to date by this biotechnological route at an industrial level. This chapter explores the production of microalgae-based pigments through production systems engineering. The chapter focuses on current systems with more robust designs for large-scale production. It also discusses key challenges and trends for future insights.