South Africa holds significant potential for entrepreneurial development, but the republic faces structural and systemic challenges that have impacted economic growth and entrepreneurship. Accordingly, this chapter examines some key factors influencing South Africa’s entrepreneurial environment. It analyses main domains, including the economic and financial environment, infrastructure and government support, social and cultural factors, and key economic sectors and markets. This chapter reveals how slow GDP growth and rising government debt are among the primary obstacles in the economic domain. It also highlights that although monetary policies by the central bank and fiscal support measures represent positive steps, challenges such as complex bureaucracy and inefficient resource allocation persist. In the social and cultural domain, declining consumer confidence and corruption levels significantly affect entrepreneurial spirit and investment decisions. From the perspective of markets and trade, currency fluctuations, dependence on raw material exports, and challenges within key sectors such as mining, manufacturing, and services continue to hinder sustainable development. This chapter recommends structural reforms, improved transparency, and enhanced industrial and social infrastructure. It also highlights the importance of better coordination between economic and social policies is essential for strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem and increasing economic productivity in South Africa.