Sexuality is complex and multifactorial and may have a very important impact on reproduction. The aspects of human sexuality and associated issues which may interfere with reproduction include: Sexual health issues, sexual rights issues, personal issues, psychosocial issues, relationship issues, sexual function, sexual disorders, gender/sex issues, sexual orientation, somatic and psychiatric (co)morbidity, and medication side effects. Pregnancy difficulties, postpartum disorders, and, potentially, stressors such as parenthood demands, may also have an impact on well-being and sexuality. Awareness programs, effective public policies, good medical, psychological, and social care, and respect for sexual rights are needed for an efficient management of sexuality-related difficulties in reproduction.