This chapter initiates a detailed exploration of the initiatives outlined in the EVIPA, focusing on how they safeguard state policy autonomy. By doing so, it delivers a comprehensive evaluation of the overall effectiveness of these initiatives. This chapter also examines the Vietnamese government’s capacity to pursue its policy objectives, particularly environmental protection, within the constraints of the EVIPA. This analysis is crucial for developing countries like Vietnam, where attracting FDI is vital for economic growth but often necessitates navigating complex trade-offs with environmental sustainability. Based on this analysis, the chapter offers recommendations for the Vietnamese government to align FDI with sustainable development goals. The insights from this research may provide valuable lessons for other developing countries facing similar challenges, particularly those in Asia.